The Retinal Window: How the Eyes Can Reveal Systemic Endometriosis

Endometriosis is often associated only with the reproductive system, but new findings reinforce that it is a chronic systemic inflammatory condition that can affect different areas of the body. One of the most promising areas for understanding these effects is the retina — an ocular structure that can act as a true “window” into the body’s vascular health.

The retina is one of the few tissues in the body where microcirculation can be directly observed in a non-invasive way. Because of this, changes in retinal blood vessels may reveal early signs of systemic alterations associated with inflammation.

From Systemic Inflammation to Retinal Changes

In endometriosis, the body shows increased levels of inflammatory mediators, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), which circulate through the bloodstream and may impact vascular function.

This increased inflammatory burden can lead to a condition known as endothelial dysfunction, where the inner layer of blood vessels loses its ability to properly regulate blood flow. As a result, oxidative stress increases and microvascular integrity can become impaired throughout the body — including in the retina.

Additionally, endometriosis is linked to changes in the balance of factors involved in blood vessel formation, such as VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Endometriotic lesions may consume part of this angiogenic support, potentially affecting the adequate nourishment of retinal vessels.

The Retina as a Biomarker of Systemic Health

Recent studies suggest that patients with endometriosis may present lower retinal vessel density, both in superficial and deep vascular layers.

This reduction in microvascularization may represent an early marker of inflammatory and vascular changes, even before more visible clinical manifestations appear.

Retinal analysis, therefore, opens a new possibility: using ocular imaging as a tool to monitor the systemic impact of inflammation and support healthcare professionals in developing more personalized approaches.

A New Path Toward Integrated Care

Understanding endometriosis as a condition that goes beyond the pelvis changes how patients are evaluated and monitored. Investigating systemic markers can help identify risks, track inflammatory changes, and create more comprehensive care strategies.

Bonafia: Technology to See Beyond Symptoms

At Bonafia, we believe health should be assessed in a broader and more preventive way. Our examination uses advanced technologies to identify signs associated with systemic inflammation and microcirculatory changes, providing valuable insights into a patient’s overall vitality.

Based on these findings, we help healthcare professionals develop personalized action plans focused on improving quality of life, optimizing the body’s balance, and promoting smarter, evidence-based care.

Because many times, before the body shows a problem, it is already sending signals — and technology can help us see them.